When thinking of the water supply system, following are the most important factor needs to be considered, before planning and thinking of an drinking water supply system.
· Quantity (how much quantity is available by some natural or artificial resource)
· Quality ( normally comes by the demand of consumers and its standards are normally set some governing body in the interest of public)
o Reliability for production
o Reliability for Distribution
· Economy (How much some local or national governing body is willing to spend initially and how much they would like to contribute in terms of Opex)
These all are the four factors on which the all drinking water supply system is based upon.
Here we will discuss Quality of drinking water, as demanded by the consumers, in a little detail. Well! Have you thought of that what would be the demands and requirements of an aware community of recipients or consumers?
Here we can numerate a random list of requirements, which comes in mind at the first instance, to be considered before the water is being available in the tap of consumer.
1. Carbonates - that is hardness of the water to be removed
2. Undissolved particles to be removed
3. Satisfactory Colour, Odour and taste
4. Removal of Toxic Substances if any.
5. Pathogens, bacteria, Viruses etc.
6. Removal of unrequired minerals
7. Heavy metals
8. Nitrogen (nitrite, nitrate, ammonium)
9. Phosphorus
10. Temperature i.e. setting limit
11. pH
12. Organic matter
13. Fluoride
14. As (Arsenic)
And specially the ground water contains
15. Fe2+ and Mn2+
16. Ca2+ and Mg2+
Now as per the technology available we have following options available to counter above mentioned requirements In Part 2 of this article we will consider some generally employed method for meeting the above mentioned quality needs
....See Part 2
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